XLIF Procedure
We’re going talk a little bit about the lateral interbody fusion. Another name for this procedure is the XLIF procedure. This is a procedure in which we access the spine via a lateral flank incision. This provides direct access to the spine with minimal tissue dissection.
This video will illustrate a little bit more about this technique.
The back is made up of a number of small bones called vertebrae. Cushioning discs present between the vertebrae act as shock absorbers. The vertebral column allows the cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers, called the spinal cord, to pass through the entire column length and branch out to the various parts of the body.
Any damage or deformity to the bones of the vertebral column or to the intervertebral discs can damage these nerves leading to pain in the body part that the nerve supplies.
Lateral lumbar interbody fusion, also known as extreme lateral XLIF, or direct lateral interbody fusion DLIF, is a minimally invasive spinal procedure performed to treat back and leg pain caused by degenerative discs and other problems within the vertebral column.
Interbody fusion involves the fusing of the affected vertebrae found in the lumbar region, lower back.
In lateral lumbar interbody fusion, your doctor will access the spine from incisions made in your side.
Indications
Lateral lumbar interbody fusion is indicated for:
- Degenerative disc disease, wearing out of intervertebral discs with age
- Scoliosis, abnormally curved spine
- Spinal stenosis, narrowing of the spinal canal
- Spondylolisthesis, slipping of vertebra from their normal position
- Fractures
- Infections
XLIF is not recommended in the following situations:
- When the displacement of the vertebrae in degenerative Spondylitis is greater than 50%
- Severe compression of a spinal nerve
- Presence of scarring from prior surgery
- Abscess
Surgical procedure
When medication and conservative treatments fail to improve your back pain your doctor may recommend a lateral lumbar interbody fusion procedure XLIF.
XLIF usually takes about one hour and is performed under general anesthesia. You will be placed on the operating table positioned on your side. Your surgeon will use x-rays to identify the location of the degenerated disc and will mark your skin over this area of your spine. A small incision is made in your lower back region through which your surgeon inserts a finger to protect the abdominal lining from the instruments to be inserted laterally.
Your surgeon will then make a second incision on your side in order to introduce the operating instruments. X-rays and nerve monitoring devices are used during the procedure to prevent damage to the adjacent tissues and nerves. Your surgeon removes the degenerated intervertebral disc and prepares the disc space for fusion.
A stabilizing disc implant is inserted into the empty disc space. The implant may be filled with bone graft which will help in the fusion of the two vertebrae. The implant helps maintain proper disc height and provides good support to the operated spinal segment. In some cases, your surgeon may secure the implant with plates or screws for additional support.
Once the implant is in position final x-rays are taken to confirm proper placement of the implant. At the end of the procedure the small skin incisions are closed with stitches and bandaged.
Post-Operative Care
Recovery from lateral lumbar and interbody fusion procedure varies from patient to patient. Depending on your condition you may be able to return home the same day after the procedure or may have to stay in the hospital for a few more days.
You may notice an immediate improvement in your symptoms after the surgery or the symptoms may disappear gradually. You may experience some pain at the incision sites. This is quite normal. Your doctor may prescribe pain medications to alleviate your discomfort as there is less damage to the adjacent tissues, you may be able to get up and walk around the night after your surgery. Most patients are usually able to return to their normal activities within a few months after XLIF.
Advantages
The advantages of XLIF include:
- Minimally invasive procedure which requires less surgical time reducing your time under anesthesia
- Less pain, scarring and blood loss as the procedure causes less damage to the adjacent tissues
- Ensures early recovery and faster return to your normal activities
Risks and Complications
As with any procedure, XLIF is associated with certain risks and complications including:
- Formation of blood clots or deep vein thrombosis
- Improper fusion of the implant
- Injury to adjacent tissues
- Nerve or spinal cord damage
- Infection
- Pneumonia
- Urinary tract infection
- Stroke
XLIF is a safe and effective minimally invasive procedure that can alleviate your symptoms of back pain and help you return to your normal activities of daily living.
